Home Tutors in Gulberg Greens Islamabad – Private Home Tuition

Cut apple flesh browns because enzymes in the cells meet oxygen in the air. Enzymes catalyse oxidation of phenolic compounds, producing brown pigments. Intact skin largely blocks that contact.

Slowing the change

• Lemon juice (acid) reduces enzyme activity
• Covering limits oxygen
• Cold temperatures slow the reaction

This is everyday chemistry, not “spoiling from nowhere.” Families with tutors in Gulberg Greens Islamabad can link the fruit bowl to enzyme and oxidation ideas in school Chemistry.